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My Writing Notes

ESSAY WRITING



Title: Intelligent Machines

Machines have taken a huge role in our day-to-day lives. They can either affect us in a good way or in a bad way. Granted, machines have impacted many people in the workplace but they help us finish the jobs. There are many ups and downs to the development of machines.

Some people have become so dependent on machines they start to lose their “humanity”. Machines can take away the personal aspect of life. For example, we lose basic courtesy, respect, and tolerance for people due to using machines so much. Some machines that could make that happen are; cell phones, computers, and video games. When people purchase one of these machines they usually are on it and depend on it all the time. Due to the lack of self-motivation through machines we could lose our common courtesy.

In the workplace, machines have effected jobs dramatically. They can perform at low-skill repetitive jobs and at high-speed precise jobs. They mostly are better than humans because they are more precise within their work and they are less likely to produce an error. Although machines do help the workplace, they can also harm it as well. By the advancement of so many machines, an abundance of people are losing their jobs due to them. Machines can have a positive and negative effect in the workplace.

Although machines have a good amount of drawbacks, they also have a positive amount on us today. Due to the advancement of machines people are starting to push themselves to a whole new level. People are becoming more educated and precise in the workplace. Also, many people are starting to study machines and enter new, unimagined possibilities into the world! Machines can change the world in a positive way as well as a negative way.

In conclusion, machines effect the lives of everybody in our world today. Whether they affect us in our home or on the job they continue to change people’s outlook on trying new ideas. The development of machines has its ups and downs. For example, they motivate people to work harder in order to compete with them. Although, they can demolish our common courtesy, machines play a huge role in technology today and will continue to shape the world’s future.                 

(Source from http://www.actstudent.org/writing/sample/three.html)

Think of a machine that you use every day. How does that machine affect your life? Answer in 1 paragraph.

  Machine affects my life in many ways. It solves my communication problems. For example, machine such as Smartphone can help me for a long-distance group work. I am able to communicate with other group members to discuss about the group assignment by using Smartphone. Machine truly makes my studies more efficient. It becomes an easier way for me to do research for my coursework and make it to be done faster. In addition, machine fulfills my leisure time. I can watch movies or films with television and even using computer too. It is clear that machine has a positive effect in my life.



Advertisement

Hook/Attention getter:

  Do you want a perfect skin eventhough after you put off your facemask? Pick Mugwort Pore Clarifying Wash Off Pack Axis Y! (put the picture of the product/put the product name)

Introduction:

  How many people have lost confidence due to skin problems such as acne, oily and open pores? Well, I am here to tell you about the Mugwort Mask which can help us to overcome this problematic skin.

  Mugwort Mask is a wash-off mask formulated with top quality mugwort from Ganghwa Country, Korea. Highly concentrated gel formula preserves active ingredients of plant extracts and delivers their benefits directly to our skin.

Needs:     I know there are some people who struggling with maskne which due to a new acne and oily problems, and it’s really made people frustrating to deal with it. Acne mechanica, more commonly known as maskne. I believe that every girl and boy are suffering from it during this pandemic. So the mugwort mask perfectly can be your solution because this mask has antibacterial which helps to fight acne. The Mugwort Mask has received a lot of positive feedback from the customers because this mask is really good and sooth to skin.

Benefits:

  The Mugwort Mask is suitable for all skin types and a gentle wash-off mask that can helps calm and soothe irritated, sensitive and troubled skin. This mask was filled with vitamins and minerals which helps detoxify skin and nourish it. But if you have really sensitive skin, you can start it slowly for example use it once a week and gradually increase the frequency depending on how your skin reacts. (put in the ingredients picture)

Visualizations: (put a before-after picture)

  This is the picture before using the Mugwort Mask. As you can see that the skin is terrible, oily and full of maskne. This is the picture after using the Mugwort Mask. Let’s have a look. (ehlarge photo) The skin is now nourished and revitalized. Acne is improved and the pores look so much smaller. A healthy complexion is revealed.

Actions:

  The Mugwort Mask helps us to be more confident for our skin. It is user-friendly and well-designed. You just need to apply a small amount of the product to your face with a gently circular motion and rinse off after 15 minutes. (put in the picture “how to use”) Mugwort Mask makes our skin more moisture and brighter. (put some pictures about the review of the product) Mugwort Mask, a skin care product that will never disappoint us!



 

Attention: Motivate your audience to listen to your topic.

Hook:  A good quality product can help your skin look better now as well as in the future. Thus, it is important for you to choose the best skin care for your skin. (1)

 Introducing axis-y mugwort pore clarifying wash off pack. A Korean climate-based skin care product. It will deeply nourish and treats oily, acne prone skin in humid and hot climates.  (3)

Body (main points in full sentences)

Needs: Listeners must become aware of a compelling problem/s  What are the problems and why do ppl need to accept your idea?

 

 

            Are you currently unsatisfied with your skin condition? We are noticed several people are suffering from skin problems. It is very common these days for people to experience trouble skin due to continuous mask wear during pandemic. (2)

 

Satisfaction: The course of actions advocated must be shown to alleviate the problems.  Benefits: Solutions for problems.

 

I.            Do you know? This product is specifically formulated with ingredients to help this stressful irritated skin. This product is formulated mainly for pores of impurities, soothes, inflamed and irritated skin and gently exfoliates dead skin to reveal a bright and healthy complexion. (4)

II.            Now let’s talk about the ingredients. There are 6 main ingredients formulated in this amazing product such as adzuki bean powder granules, kelp extract, artichoke extract, vigna radiate seed extract, and houttuynia cordate extract. It also has 1 core ingredient which is 61% mugwort extract that helps protect the skin from harmful oxygen revitalises it from damage, soothes and clear the skin. (5)

 

Visualisations: The audience should be able to visualize the benefits of agreeing with the speaker. (Use pictures or videos to convince the audience)

 

III.            Before-after picture

As you can see from the video, it shows a positive result on our customer. Noticed how her pores are minimized and her skin looks more radiant than before. It is because of our ingredients such as nelumbo nucifera leaf extract that helps with regenerate the skin and controls sebum. It helps to remove radicals that encourage skin aging and making dull skin looks bright and radiant. (6)

IV.        As you can see you’ll be provided with a spatula to scoop and adequate amount onto your skin. (7)

Conclusion

End with a call for action

Good news for the skincare lovers. The product is now available in Malaysia. You can get it at your nearest skin care stores or you can order it online: axis-y: beauty beyond boundaries. (8)




Question:

Write an article on, ‘The Benefits of Online Classes/eLearning’. You may add any revelant examples and details to support your opinion. You should write in about 300 to 350 words.

Example answer:

In recent years, especially starting in the year of 2020, distance teaching and learning are increasingly popular and this is perceived differently by learners and educators, even parents too! Most of them perceived this as a beneficial aid in learning while others think that online education is not as much as effective as classroom teaching. In the latest survey, 77.84% of respondents reported having taken online courses and 47.79% said they would be willing to. In this case, it cannot be denied that we can gain more advantages than disadvantages from online learning. E-Learning is a method of education that integrates technology into learning and teaching. It provides a lot of benefits, including a variety choice of programs, self-paced learning skill, comfort, lower in costs, and develop career advancement.

First of all, online classes have a large variety of programs which can be chosen. Students can earn every academic degree, from a career certificate to a doctorate. They can choose to study humanities, sociology, business administration, mathematics and many more. With online education, students can take any program or course present in traditional four-year universities. It doesn’t matter where your career stands, you can develop understanding and knowledge by taking online programs. An online class can definitely boost your career with the speed of light. Thus, a variety choice of programs to pick is a benefit for everyone.

Moreover, self-paced learning is also involved in online classes. Students can complete their target at any time. They can arrange and enjoy a flexible learning schedule that meets their needs. If you are busy during the day, you can study at night. This shows that self-paced study is more flexible and this is the advantage that traditional educational system surely cannot beat. As a consequence, students can gain self-discipline, time-management and communication skills by online learning.

Furthermore, students can learn online comfortably. All lectures and materials are provided via online platforms. Students can easily access them at any time. Also, exams can be taken in the comfort of home. Students can customize their learning environment. In such a way, they do not have to put up with anymore disruptive environments like a crowded library. Online learning offers better opportunities to concentrate by not being around other people. Students can dedicate one room for quiet study and there is no need to interact with others by face-to-face. There are multiple ways to communicate with lecturers and classmates such as email, WhatsApp and live chat. Hence, online classes become more convenient than physical classes.

In addition, lower costs and debts are paid for online classes. Students can save money on public transportation or gas and their vehicle maintenance. They have no needs of travel expenses too. There are some online courses, for example, MIT and Khan Academy are completely free of charge. Although free courses do not usually come with certificate of completion, but they are still more than useful for anyone who wants to learn from prestigious educators. In online classes, the traditional costs associated with using classroom space and study material or equipment does not apply. Students can choose to apply an online course from accredited university or platforms, for instance, EdX and Cousera. So, an online course is more affordable.

Finally, online learning is good for career advancement. Online classes can be part-time studies. Students can upgrade their skills and knowledge by taking online courses. Even workers, can advance their career by developing skills and earn a higher salary without needing to sacrifice their fixed income. This means no more waiting years to complete a traditional degree that usually takes up to 4 years. Time can be saved to get a degree faster. As expected, online classes can develop your career both in present or future.

To sum up, online education is totally worth the effort. The potential benefits of online classes include a variety choice of programs, self-paced learning skill, comfort, lower in costs and career advancement. All of these leads up to the rapid expand of online education in worldwide. Time, location, and quality are no longer considered limiting factors in pursuing higher education because of online learning. This is why I believe eLearning is interchangeable. Online learning will truly be the future of education.



Question:

As a college counsellor, write a speech on, ‘The Challenge of Online Classes-Strengths and Weaknesses’.

Example answer: 

Today, I'd like to share some of my thoughts about the challenge of online classes. So, let me begin with the strengths of online classes. For my point of view, e-learning is an opportunity for students to gain new skills. Firstly, time management skills. Students can learn to manage and organize their time with making a study schedule. Secondly, self-discipline and self-motivation. Staying motivated and disciplined helps students to work toward their goals. Next, problem solving skills. Students can learn to face and solve a wide range of problems. Online classes are flexible and affordable. It suits for students of all ages. Besides, e-learning can be a two-edged sword. Due to the research done by students of University Sultan Zainal Abidin in Terengganu, weaknesses of online classes, for example, internet problem, technical problem, emotion problem, family problem, financial problem, environment problem, and health problem have been carried out. Needless to say, most of the students complain about internet problem. We can see that low internet speed and no WiFi connection have been a normal situation in our country Malaysia. Some of the students can't stand with their stress, anxiety and loneliness. This causes the suicide rates among the teenagers increases. While studying at home, paying attention is harder. Keeping up with academic becomes a challenge for every student. With these problems, students are not able to study well. Hence, many people said that physical classes are more effective.

Is e-learning good enough? Obviously, there is no certain answer. Everyone is trying to get used to the new normal during the pandemic of covid-19. 66.9% of educators are first experience with online teaching. They are facing through the new normal in education. In conclusion, online classes have both strengths and weaknesses. We can gain knowledge and skills from online classes. In the same time, we should be perseverance, proactive and patient to overcome the problems we'll face when studying online. Online learning may be new and different, but it truly will be an unforgettable experience.



Title: Why Not Eat Insects?  by Marcel Dicke 

How did the speaker try to convince you?

Does the speaker use logics, emotion, and ethical appeals?
 
a. Logical Appeal (Logos)—Does the author’s proposal make sense?
b. Ethical Appeal (Ethos)– Is the author’s proposing the right thing to do?
c. Emotional Appeal (Pathos)—Will accepting the author’s proposal make me feel better?

Persuasive Essay

Do you agree with the speaker’s arguments? Why?

Based on the speakers’ arguments, take your own stand and write your arguments in a not less than 350 words essay. (20 marks)

Answer:

  Entomophagy, the practice of eating insects is widely present all over the world. United Nation Food and Agricultural Organization (UN FAO) state that there are at least 1,900 edible insects and approximately 2 billion people around the globe eat insects as part of their traditional diet. In this case, we see that using insects as a food source isn’t as uncommon as one may think. So, why not human eat grasshoppers, termites, and ants instead of eating meats? Insects are abundant, nutritious, economic friendly, and environmentally sustainable too. Therefore, people should rely on a variety of insects over chicken, beef, and fish as their main source of protein and nutrition. Thesis statement? (Eating insects is beneficial to all of us.)

 Topic sentence? (Insects are abundant.) The human population is anticipated to grow exponentially every year. The food supply has to double by 2050 to feed a projected population of 9 billion. A diet of insects can help fix problems related to starvation, obesity, and climate change in the future. We don’t even need much agriculture land to breed insects not like livestock that takes up 70% of the land. Insects are easier to breed and produce when compared to the livestock. While habitat destruction and climate change make the population uncertain, there are more than 1,900 edible insect species. We can find insects everywhere as they are living around us.

  Apart from this, insects contribute to economy. As global food prices have risen, the cost of animal feed has weighed down farmers and driven up meat prices. It will be more efficient at converting feed=converting animal feed into protein because insects are cold-blooded, and they require less energy to stay warm. Also, the cost of producing insects at scale is relatively low. Some insects produce useful substances, such as honey, wax, lacquer, and silk. They even control pests too. Clearly, insects can bring positive impact to our economy and our lives.

  In addition, insects provide incredible amounts of nutritional value, and a natural source of essential carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals and vitamins. Insects contain amounts of protein that is comparable to meat. Researchers at the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United States state that termites are rich in protein, fatty acids, and other micronutrients. Fried or dried termites contain 32-38% proteins. People will be surprised to find out that insects are actually delicacy. Red ants which taste citrusy like lemons, is used to make salad at Thailand. Some larvae taste like bacon and mealworms are typically a fair substitute for fish. It is clear that insects can be used as our food sources.

  Moreover, eating insects is beneficial for the environment. Insects produce lesser waste matter and reduce the amount of methane released into the air. Livestock industry generates more greenhouse gas emissions than transport. That means burgers and steaks we are eating are technically worse for our environment. Insects can be fed with human and animal waste matter: faeces. This causes precious food to be saved. By feeding the bugs this, lesser manure and ammonia are produced. Obviously, it is greatly better for humans to eat insects because insects are environmentally sustainable.

  Furthermore, insects are less likely to transmit disease as they are taxonomically distant from humans. Producing any livestock comes with some risk of unknown diseases, for instance, mad-cow disease and H5N1. Even so, insects were used as medicine to treat diseases in the ancient cultures. For example, bee and ant venom have reduced the number of swollen joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The use of insects having potential source as medicine is useful in curing as well as giving protection from disease.

 In my conclusion, I do agree with the speaker’s argument that is eating insects actually brings advantages. The presence of insects in and around human food is not unbelievable. Edible insects have long been used by ethnic groups in Asia, Africa, Mexico and South America as cheap and sustainable sources of protein. The major role of entomophagy in human food security is well-documented. Despite what most people think, the consumption of insects is great because of their environmental benefits, the nutritional value they carry, and just how tasty they can be. Insects are very abundant, and they are lesser likely to make us sick. With a little education, I believe that people might try them. As soon as people find that entomophagy is acceptable, they will come to see that creepy crawlers can make a great meal.



How Gratitude Changes You and Your Brain New research is starting to explore how gratitude works to improve our mental health. 

BY JOSHUA BROWN, JOEL WONG | JUNE 6, 2017 

With the rise of managed health care, which emphasizes cost-efficiency and brevity, mental health professionals have had to confront this burning question: How can they help clients derive the greatest possible benefit from treatment in the shortest amount of time? 

Recent evidence suggests that a promising approach is to complement psychological counselling with additional activities that are not too taxing for clients but yield high results. In our own research, we have zeroed in on one such activity: the practice of gratitude. Indeed, many studies over the past decade have found that people who consciously count their blessings tend to be happier and less depressed. 

The problem is that most research studies on gratitude have been conducted with well-functioning people. Is gratitude beneficial for people who struggle with mental health concerns? And, if so, how?

 We set out to address these questions in a recent research study involving nearly 300 adults, mostly college students who were seeking mental health counselling at a university. We recruited these participants just before they began their first session of counselling, and, on average, they reported clinically low levels of mental health at the time. The majority of people seeking counselling services at this university in general struggled with issues related to depression and anxiety. We randomly assigned our study participants into three groups. Although all three groups received counselling services, the first group was also instructed to write one letter of gratitude to another person each week for three weeks, whereas the second group was asked to write about their deepest thoughts and feelings about negative experiences. The third group did not do any writing activity. 

What did we find? Compared with the participants who wrote about negative experiences or only received counsel ling, those who wrote gratitude letters reported significantly better mental health four weeks and 12 weeks after their writing exercise ended. This suggests that gratitude writing can be beneficial not just for healthy, well-adjusted individuals, but also for those who struggle with mental health concerns. In fact, it seems, practicing gratitude on top of receiving psychological counseling carries greater benefits than counseling alone, even when that gratitude practice is brief. And that’s not all. When we dug deeper into our results, we found indications of how gratitude might actually work on our minds and bodies. While not definitive, here are four insights from our research suggesting what might be behind gratitude’s psychological benefits. 

1. Gratitude unshackles us from toxic emotions 

First, by analyzing the words used by participants in each of the two writing groups, we were able to understand the mechanisms behind the mental health benefits of gratitude letter writing. We compared the percentage of positive emotion words, negative emotion words, and “we” words (first-person plural words) that participants used in their writing. Not surprisingly, those in the gratitude writing group used a higher percentage of positive emotion words and “we” words, and a lower proportion of negative emotion words, than those in the other writing group. 

However, people who used more positive emotion words and more “we” words in their gratitude letters didn’t necessarily have better mental health later. It was only when people used fewer negative emotion words in their letters that they were significantly more likely to report better mental health. In fact, it was the lack of negative emotion words—not the abundance of positive words—that explained the mental health gap between the gratitude writing group and the other writing group. 

2. Gratitude helps even if you don’t share it 

We told participants who were assigned to write gratitude letters that they weren’t required to send their letters to their intended recipient. In fact, only 23 percent of participants who wrote gratitude letters sent them. But those who didn’t send their letters enjoyed the benefits of experiencing gratitude nonetheless. (Because the number of people who sent their letters was so small, it was hard for us to determine whether this group’s mental health was better than those who didn’t send their letter.) 

This suggests that the mental health benefits of writing gratitude letters are not entirely dependent on actually communicating that gratitude to another person. 

So if you’re thinking of writing a letter of gratitude to someone, but you’re unsure whether you want that person to read the letter, we encourage you to write it anyway. You can decide later whether to send it (and we think it’s often a good idea to do so). But the mere act of writing the letter can help you appreciate the people in your life and shift your focus away from negative feelings and thoughts. 

3. Gratitude’s benefits take time 

It’s important to note that the mental health benefits of gratitude writing in our study did not emerge immediately, but gradually accrued over time. Although the different groups in our study did not differ in mental health levels one week after the end of the writing activities, individuals in the gratitude group reported better mental health than the others four weeks after the writing activities, and this difference in mental health became even larger 12 weeks after the writing activities. 

These results are encouraging because many other studies suggest that the mental health benefits of positive activities often decrease rather than increase over time afterward. We don’t really know why this positive snowball effect occurred in our study. Perhaps the gratitude letter writers discussed what they wrote in their letters with their counselors or with others. These conversations may have reinforced the psychological benefits derived from the gratitude writing itself. 

For now, the bottom line is this: If you participate in a gratitude writing activity, don’t be too surprised if you don’t feel dramatically better immediately after the writing. Be patient and remember that the benefits of gratitude might take time to kick in. 

4. Gratitude has lasting effects on the brain 

About three months after the psychotherapy sessions began, we took some of the people who wrote gratitude letters and compared them with those who didn’t do any writing. We wanted to know if their brains were processing information differently. 

We used an fMRI scanner to measure brain activity while people from each group did a “pay it forward” task. In that task, the individuals were regularly given a small amount of money by a nice person, called the “benefactor.” This benefactor only asked that they pass the money on to someone if they felt grateful. Our participants then decided how much of the money, if any, to pass on to a worthy cause (and we did in fact donate that money to a local charity). 

We wanted to distinguish donations motivated by gratitude from donations driven by other motivations, like feelings of guilt or obligation. So we asked the participants to rate how grateful they felt toward the benefactor, and how much they wanted to help each charitable cause, as well as how guilty they would feel if they didn’t help. We also gave them questionnaires to measure how grateful they are in their lives in general. 

We found that across the participants, when people felt more grateful, their brain activity was distinct from brain activity related to guilt and the desire to help a cause. More specifically, we found that when people who are generally more grateful gave more money to a cause, they showed greater neural sensitivity in the medial prefrontal cortex, a brain area associated with learning and decision making. This suggests that people who are more grateful are also more attentive to how they express gratitude. 

Most interestingly, when we compared those who wrote the gratitude letters with those who didn’t, the gratitude letter writers showed greater activation in the medial prefrontal cortex when they experienced gratitude in the fMRI scanner. This is striking as this effect was found three months after the letter writing began. This indicates that simply expressing gratitude may have lasting effects on the brain. While not conclusive, this finding suggests that practicing gratitude may help train the brain to be more sensitive to the experience of gratitude down the line, and this could contribute.

Though these are just the first steps in what should be a longer research journey, our research so far not only suggests that writing gratitude letters may be helpful for people seeking counseling services but also explains what’s behind gratitude’s psychological benefits. At a time when many mental health professionals are feeling crunched, we hope that this research can point them—and their clients—toward an effective and beneficial tool.

Regardless of whether you’re facing serious psychological challenges, if you have never written a gratitude letter before, we encourage you to try it.  


Write a summary of 100 words about the specific research mentioned in this article.

The research by Joshua Brown and Joel Wong on 6/6/2017 explores how gratitude works to improve mental health. Nearly 300 adults, mostly college students who were seeking counselling at a university involved and assigned into 3 groups: the first wrote a letter of gratitude to another person each week for 3 weeks; second group wrote about their deepest thoughts and feelings about negative experiences; third group did nothing. As a result, the first group’s mental condition is better than the others over time afterward. They feel dramatically better immediately. This shows that we need to be patient, gratitude’s benefits take time.


Report

The pie charts demonstrate students’ enrolment in different types of courses in University of Selangor in 2009 and 2013. 17% of students enrolled for nursing courses but in 2013 the enrolment had (1) climbed to 20%. Similarly, there was also an (2)increase in the enrolment for accountancy from 12% in 2009 to 17% in 2013. Business studies also recorded a (3) rise in students ‘enrolment in 2013 (27%) from 19% in 2009. However, there was a (4) fall in the number of student registering for the law course, from 42% in 2009 to 26% in 2013. Student’s enrolment in the pharmacy course stayed the (5) same level at 10% in both the years.



Title: Hornbills have been on this planet for millions of years. Yet today, almost half of the species in Africa and Asia are Globally Threatened or Near Threatened with extinction. Discuss why this is so, and what needs to be done to protect these charismatic birds.

When you walk in the rainforest of Borneo, look up, you will catch a glimpse of a bird with a brightly coloured, down-curved bill flying in the blue sky and landing on a tree. It might have a red, huge casque. Guess what? It is a Rhinoceros Hornbill! It is known that Rhinoceros Hornbill is an exotic, diurnal animal found in tropical and subtropical Africa, Asia and Melanesia. The Hornbills have been hunted for many years and now they are facing extinction. The threats are daunting but people still do not care about this. They hunt this critically endangered species with their greed and selfishness. There are many reasons why almost half of this species are globally threatened or near threatened with extinction. A poor man’s tale cannot be heard. So, we all have our responsibility to take actions to protect these charismatic birds. What exactly do we need to do? I will discuss this further in detail.

As the saying goes, every why has a wherefore. Rhinoceros Hornbills have been hunted for their casques which are a decorative growth on the beak. In most of the species, their casques are soft and spongy whereas for the Helmeted Hornbills are solid keratin. Their unique casques are used as a material for carved jewelry and ornaments. The “red ivory”, some called the “golden jade”, of its beak had been sold at the black market for thousands of dollars per kilogram in China. Hornbill-ivory carvings are more valuable than the true ivory! Also, their casques are harvested for tribal medicine. In our country Malaysia, Native People carved the casques of Hornbills into rings and it is used to detect poison. There is a small trade for the Hornbill’s feathers too. The Hornbill’s feathers have been used in cultural dances. Hornbill’s feathers are a matter of reputation, not everyone can own them easily. At current market prices, a single tail feather can cost up to 700 Rupees in India. This shows that the major threat to these magnificent birds is actually the human.

Furthermore, habitat loss is also moving up Rhinoceros Hornbills in the list from Threatened to Critically Endangered in 2015. Millions of acres of bird habitat is destroyed every year because of development, agriculture and deforestation. Their habitats continue to disappear and yet destruction occurs. Approximately 30,000 species are being driven to extinction and most of the species extinction is caused by habitat destruction. Habitat loss can also occur as a result of natural events such as flood and climate fluctuations. Global warming resulting from emission of greenhouse gases causes the shift in climatic conditions and this will affect the loss of biodiversity. This means that human activities are destroying natural habitats directly or indirectly causing the extinction of Hornbills.

Everyone is responsible for saving endangered species, including the government too. Effective law enforcement is one of the actions that can be done. Government should make the rules stricter to stop illegal wildlife trade and hunting which are pushing some species to the brink of extinction. Offenders reported should be given punishment strictly. For example, imprisonment and paying forfeits are tightened so that it can reduce illegal activities efficiently. Government or non-government organisations can also hold a campaign or programme about the importance of wildlife to raise awareness. For instance, Save the Hornbill Campaign in Pakhui, India held by

Wildlife Trust of India (WTI) associated with Arunachal Wildlife and Natural Foundation (AWNF) to save these fascinating birds. Because of the criminal activities, our ecosystems are being damaged. Thus, raising local public awareness and strengthening law enforcement are some ways to control human activities. This will definitely lend a hand to protect the Hornbills globally or even locally.

In addition, transmitting information via mass media such as radio, television, advertising, newspapers, magazines and films can be a good idea to raise public awareness. Advertising the negative effects of human activities to the wildlife resonates with people and tells them to give the world a little more care. Television programs like National Geographic, Discovery channel, BBC Earth and many more tell some interesting information about a species with details. People can see how amazing the animal is and this is one of the ways to produce animal lovers. As a result, the more the people cherish our nature, the more the vitality given from the environment to the world.

Education is a powerful tool for all of us. The school authorities are responsible for teaching the students whatever education level or grade they are. I trust that knowledge can save the world. Well education makes people more disciplined and intelligent. They understand that breaking laws and damaging our environment will lead to tragedy. A brighter future can be created when one shows more care to the Earth. Moral values, for example, showing kindness, respect and responsibility to yourself and the others that are taught by the teachers should be cultivated since we are young. Besides, parents can also be role models for their children. They are responsible to give support, care and encouragement for their children until they grow up. Children will be influenced by their parents’ behavior and the importance of education should not be ignored. Youth is the hope for the future. They should be well-educated.

The massive threat faced by many species is the widespread destruction of their habitat––the forest. The best way for an individual to protect endangered species is to protect their habitat. Knowledge is required so that we can always be alert for our actions every time. Learning about how interesting and important wildlife is reminds us to give more care to biodiversity. When we visit a national wildlife park, refuge or other open space, we should not throw rubbish everywhere or damage the flora and fauna. Moreover, the other way to save endangered species is never purchase products made from them. We should avoid supporting the market in illegal wildlife and never buy souvenirs made from the feathers or casques of Hornbills. Although it is useful as a medicine to cure diseases, it is still not a good reason to kill or consume them. We can save Hornbills by spreading messages to your family and friends, and tell them what they can do to help. The power to help endangered species is always in our own hands.

April 22th is Earth Day and it is a day to show how best to protect and secure a future by saving endangered species. It is an annual event to demonstrate support for environmental protection. It is globally coordinated by 192 countries all over the world. This is the day to turn our intention toward Mother Nature and raise awareness about threats to the well-being of nature. Attitude is a little thing that makes a big difference. Although one person cannot make much of a difference, I believe many can. Rhinoceros Hornbills are now threatened with extinction so why don’t we do something to save them before unimaginable destruction occurs. We all should be volunteers for the protection of our nature. Take care of birds! Don’t let the trees feel lonely. Rhinoceros Hornbill is an amazing, unique and fascinating creature, we shouldn’t do anything to hurt them. We need to reflect on our actions every time.



Title: Comparison between study abroad and study locally

Nowadays, students choose to study locally because of the pandemic of Covid-19. In Malaysia, there are still a variety of choices to choose a good quality university. Although mostly choose to study locally, we still can’t denied that study abroad has its benefits too. Everything has two sides, just like coins. Study abroad and study locally have their own advantages and disadvantages. Financial support, language and culture, education styles, and employment prospects can show their differences in many ways.

First of all, financial support must be concerned by the students. The cost of study locally is significantly lower when comparing to study abroad. This is because of the fact that study abroad involves the foreign exchange, flight charges, expenditure for visa and passport, rental fees and also the tuition fees. Apart from these expenses, you would have to spend on your living costs too. That’s why students will choose to apply for scholarship or sponsorship when they decide to study abroad. Those with no funds will consider for letting go the chances to study abroad. If you consider to study locally, it will be less likely to burn a big hole in your pocket because the fees are more affordable. Students who study locally are free from the weight of expenses fees and currency exchange. Familiar food, transportation, and accommodation make students rarely from getting homesickness as they are still staying in their comfort zone. Students can get home easily whenever they are free.

Moreover, communicating with local and native residents makes a big difference. When studying abroad, students have to communicate in foreign language. This might be difficult but it is a chance to improve your language and communication skills on daily basis. Extra language ability can be a highly employable skill in the future. Besides that, students have to accommodate the cultural differences too. Learning and understanding about the different cultures, knowledge sharing and being open-minded to accept the differences can help to overcome cultural barriers and embrace the cultural differences. This is an excellent opportunity for personal growth and development. You can also make new foreign friends, find new interest and experience a new culture. These will increase your confidence, independence, autonoumous thinking, self-reliance, problem solving skills and the ability to adapt to diverse situations. While studying locally, these are not a big problem. You can easily adapt to the culture and develop your social network in local.

In addition, education styles are different between study abroad and study locally. You will need to adapt yourself to the different styles of education. This will be a good chance to make you more versatile in different environment. You have the opportunity to see a side of your major and gain more knowledge. While studying locally, the chance to be employed by the government after graduation is promising. In the education style of local universities, flexibility is given and this develops your time management skills. By choosing to study locally, students are normal to the education styles in local. It is more relaxed and comfortable to study locally.

Furthermore, studying abroad and studying locally makes differences in obtaining employment. Studying abroad can make your curriculum vitae (CV) look impressive. Foreign graduates can choose to get a job in local or in the host country. Some local employers do prefer those who studied abroad as foreign graduates tend to be more independence and mature comparing to the local graduates. Although there is no much difference between local graduates and foreign graduates in terms of qualification, the soft skills will differentiate them and clearly, foreign graduates are more desirable. If soft skills are the advantage of foreign graduates to be employed, local graduates who excel well in recognized programs or institution can also get a higher chance to be employed too. No matter studying abroad or studying locally, people with talents and ability will get their opportunities to enjoy good employment prospects.

By comparing study abroad and study locally, financial support, language and culture, education styles, and employment prospects make differences between both of these study choices. In many ways, study locally seems to be more convenient and has the same education standard or quality as studying abroad. However, studying abroad can develop new skills, knowledge and life experiences. Both of these study choices have their own advantages and disadvantages. No matter which is better, the decision is in your own hands. As long as you know what you are looking for, you will find your own path that suits yourself.



Title: How to maintain a healthy lifestyle


Nowadays, the issue of a healthy lifestyle has been taken lightly. Actually, this is a very serious issue that should be alerted by all of us. It is difficult to keep up a good habit but it is easy to carry on with the bad ones. We often quit the changes midway when we find out a lifestyle improvement is more complicated than we thought. However, living a healthy lifestyle is crucial for happiness and feeling good in our lives. It may not help you to live longer but it will help you to be less prone to sickness and disease. So, how do we maintain a healthy lifestyle? A healthy lifestyle includes a lot, for instance, daily exercise, a nutritional diet, adequate sleep or rest, keeping your mentally healthy and thinking positively.


  First of all, daily exercise is one of the lifestyles to keep you healthy. Exercising daily enables us to release endorphins. Endorphins or the “feel good” chemicals produced by the nervous system which act as a pain reliever and happiness booster will help us to feel happier. Regular exercise also improves the health of our skin and hair. This gives you a better-looking in public. Exercises such as brisk-walking,  yoga, jogging, swimming and many more can be done in daily life. Exercise for at least 30 minutes per day will develop a healthy body and control our weights too. What’s most important is to make regular physical activity a part of our lifestyle.


  Secondly, a balanced diet is also needed for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. We need to have 3 nutritional meals a day with all the food groups based on the food pyramid. Based on the food pyramid, food and drinks high in fat, sugar and salt should be consumed the least. Food with vitamins, minerals, protein, carbohydrate, fiber, and healthy fat are encouraged to consume more. The food pyramid reminds us to limit our intake of salt and sugar as it can increase our risk of high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, diabetes and dental cavities too. We should not skip meals or eat junk food because these are unhealthy practices. A balanced diet reduces our risk of heart disease, diabetes, obesity and some cancers. 


  Next, we need to get enough and a good quality of sleep everyday.  Don’t sleep too much or too little because it may lead to fatigue and affect your health. We should sleep 7~9 hours per day at night whereas a midday nap should be 15 minutes only. Sufficient sleep is crucial to keep our mind and body healthy. It can improve our concentration, productivity and immune functions too. While poor sleep is linked to higher body weight, depression, inflammation, and negative emotions. Besides, we also need to drink more water, 2 litre a day will be sufficient. Drinking water prevents us from dehydration which will lead to kidney stones and urinary tract infections. Water helps the kidney to remove waste products from blood. When we don’t get enough of it, the waste couldn’t build up and this will cause myoglobin to clog up the kidney. Adequate sleep and water intake are essential to good health.


  In addition, we need to keep mentally healthy and happy. People feel stress when they face difficulties and challenges in life. We need to manage our stress in a proper way. We can take a break and do something whatever you are passionate about. We need to keep a positive attitude and think positively. These can surely boost our energy and make us feel better. Avoid addiction for example gambling, smoking, drinking, illegal drugs, or any other things. Addiction is harmful for everyone and will lead to unhealthy attitudes or behavior. We need to know that we cannot control ourselves to stop from being addicted to something. Addiction will affect our lives in many ways, including our body and mental health. That’s why we watch out for anything that may lead to addiction.


  Overall, living a healthy lifestyle brings only benefits, and that’s why it is recommended. So, do exercises daily, have a balanced diet, get enough rest, retrain from having unhealthy practices and be happy everyday. Maintaining a good habit might be tough but a healthy lifestyle ensures a person maintains good health. This means that we are free of illness and diseases. Doing the best things for our body shows the way you are being thankful for yourself and your life. You will find out much of these deserved and you will never regret. Once you start living a healthy lifestyle, you can live longer and have a happier life.



Title: What is Life?

What is life? I think about this every day and night. Then, I find out life is actually a simple word that brings a lot. So, I invigorate my life and treasure everything I have. I have no regrets to be alive although my life is full of disappointment and difficulties.

  Life is a beautiful word. It tells me how beautiful the world is. I learned to be kind and helpful to everyone. I do good deeds everyday and anytime. I believe we can make the world a better place by just committing small and random acts of kindness. An act of kindness can actually be incredibly fulfilling. In real life, some of us are willing to give up their lives to save others. Sometimes, selfless solidarity, encouragement and cooperation can make life valuable. The value of life lies not in the length of days, but in the use we make to them.

  Life is precious. The meaning of life is time. We must learn to cherish life and live without regret. In this way, when we recall the past in the future, we will not regret and complain about the wasted years. Find your ways to grow your mind and body. You can do whatever you love and be whoever you want to. To live life to the fullest, you will need to let go of your flaws. Everyone makes mistakes, and this doesn’t mean failure. On the contrary, failure is the mother of success. Learn from your mistakes and let go of them. You don’t need to look back because you are moving forward.

  Life is full of ups and downs. We do not need to care about the things that are not satisfactory, we have to learn to let go and move forward. Every further step of the day will allow us to reach our goals in the future and get what we want. No pain no gain. As long as you are willing to pay, you will be rewarded, and that reward can be in any type of form. It can bring happiness and hope. Life is to be thankful for
everything you gain. The more you appreciate whatever you have, the more you will be paid back. Life teaches me to grow up and face difficulties.

  Life is a journey to be enjoyed. Everything we experienced in life is a memory. There are always good
and bad memories. When our life has no hope, try to take a step towards change. Try not to remember only the painful memories. It will be tough but you will gain joy and happiness if you face it. We should make more memories as life is to enjoy and experience everything. Open your eyes and you will see the world is big. We humans are small but don’t forget, we are powerful when we stay with each other. Life is filled with lessons, hardships, heartaches, joys, celebrations and special moments.

  Life can bring us happiness. It teaches us to love and be loved. In the process of love, we forgive, accept, and learn from each other. Home can prove the existence of love. As the saying goes, when someone else’s happiness is yours, that is love. If you have found the meaning of love, please cherish everyone around you. They are important and irreplaceable. If you haven’t, seek it. You will find out love is actually beside or around you, it is in your life. Love brings happiness and happiness brings beautiful memories. You will not regret it when you find love.

  Life is full of choices. The way to have a good life is to make good choices in our own life. Don’t seek the best but good enough. You will feel much better about it. Every choice may cause pain. Having choice in life is good but having more is not always better. So, set a limit and cut off some options. Give yourself rules. Your life changes the moment you make a new decision. Maybe they aren’t right, maybe they are really difficult. But we still need to have courage to make them. Life tells us to be responsible for every word, deed, thought and decision we’ve made. 

 




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